Strategy Formation in Internationally Politically Unstable Conditions: Systematic Review

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD Student, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Farabi Colleges, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Farabi Colleges, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran

Abstract

Contemporary organizations are confronted with an unprecedented level of uncertainty, largely rooted in political instabilities, geopolitical tensions, and fundamental environmental shifts. Given the inefficiency of traditional paradigms and static planning in such volatile contexts, this study aims to explore and present a comprehensive framework for strategy formation under conditions of political instability. Focusing on three key pillars—approaches, processes, and tools—this research employs a systematic review strategy coupled with thematic analysis. The search process was conducted across five reputable databases (Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, SID, and the Comprehensive Humanities Portal) spanning the period from 2000 to 2025. Out of 5,409 initially identified records, 50 final studies were selected for analysis following a rigorous six-stage screening process. Data analysis yielded 879 significant statements, 587 primary codes, and 148 final codes, which collectively formed 36 central themes. These findings are categorized into three primary domains: 21 themes regarding approaches, 8 themes concerning processes, and 7 themes related to tools. The results indicate that effectively navigating political turbulence requires a transition from linear models toward an integrated constellation of approaches, processes, and tools to enhance organizational strategic flexibility. Ultimately, synthesizing these elements within decision-making models under uncertainty offers an intelligent solution for transforming sovereign threats into competitive advantages and ensuring organizational survival

Keywords

Main Subjects

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Journal of International Businesses Administration
Volume 8, Issue 4
May 2026
Pages 135-168

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History

  • Receive Date: 10 February 2026
  • Revise Date: 13 April 2026
  • Accept Date: 18 April 2026

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