Explaining the Effect of Managerial Cognition on the Internationalization of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Transition Economies: A Meta-Synthesis Approach

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Faculty of Management, Economics and Progress Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran

2 Iran University of Science and Technology

3 Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

For successful entry into international markets, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in emerging economies require cognitive capabilities and effective decision-making in uncertain environments. However, the existing literature regarding the impact of managerial cognition on the internationalization process is characterized by conceptual fragmentation and empirical inconsistencies. Aiming to bridge this gap and systematically synthesize existing knowledge, the present study elucidates the impact of managerial cognitive capabilities on the internationalization outcomes of these enterprises using a meta-synthesis method. To this end, by employing Sandelowski and Barroso's seven-step model and the PRISMA protocol guidelines, out of 291 initial studies, 48 articles meeting the quality and inclusion criteria were selected and subjected to content analysis through a coding approach. The findings reveal that managerial cognitive architecture, within the framework of dual-process theory (rational/analytical versus experiential/intuitive), determines the pattern of entry (incremental versus rapid) into international markets. Furthermore, managerial dynamic capabilities (comprising human, social, and cognitive capital) act as a mediating mechanism, playing a vital role in translating individual cognition into strategic actions and export performance. Additionally, it was found that factors such as market dynamism and institutional voids act as institutional moderators, shaping the effectiveness of these capabilities. Ultimately, the proposed conceptual model can contribute to a deeper understanding of the cognitive micro-foundations of internationalization and outline novel pathways for policymaking in transition markets.

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Main Subjects

Journal of International Businesses Administration

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 27 September 2026

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History

  • Receive Date: 12 June 2026
  • Revise Date: 26 September 2026
  • Accept Date: 27 September 2026

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