مزیت رقابتی در صنعت مشاورۀ مدیریت ایران و آلمان: نقش قابلیت های پویا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه مدیریت راهبردی، پژوهشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت، پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی

چکیده

براساس نظریۀ قابلیت­محور بنگاه، مزیت رقابتی پایدار ریشه در قابلیت­های پویای سازمانی دارد. در پژوهش حاضر با مقایسۀ تعدادی از شرکت­های مشاورۀ مدیریت ایرانی و آلمانی که از عملکرد نسبتاً پایداری طی چند سال برخوردار بوده­اند، تلاش شده تا شباهت­ها و تفاوت­های آن­ها از حیث قابلیت­های پویا تبیین و فرآیند تأثیر این قابلیت­ها برای گشایش مسیرهای نوین سازمانی و ساخت مزیت­های رقابتی جدید تشریح شود. برای انجام تحقیق از روش مطالعۀ موردی چندگانه بهره گرفته شده است. چهار شرکت ایرانی و چهار شرکت آلمانی موردهای مطالعه بودند. در مجموع با هفده نفر از مدیران ارشد شرکت­ها مصاحبه شد و اسناد سازمانی از جمله صورتجلسات، گزارشات عملکرد، برنامه­های استراتژیک و مندرجات وبسایت شرکت­ها نیز بررسی شدند. یافته­های پژوهش نشان می­دهد که اگرچه میکروفونداسیون­های قابلیت­های پویا ممکن است از جهاتی با یکدیگر شباهت داشته باشند، خود قابلیت­های پویا که به طرز پیچیده­ای در تصمیم­گیری­های مدیریتی و روتین­های سازمانی تعبیه شده­اند منحصر­به­فرد هستند. به بیان دیگر، الگوی برتری برای قابلیت­های پویا وجود ندارد بلکه آن­ها متناسب با نیازهای محیطی و تاریخچۀ متفاوت هر شرکت شکل گرفته و تکامل پیدا می­کنند. شناخت پیچیدگی­های لازم برای موفقیت در بازار مشاورۀ کشورهای توسعه­یافته می­تواند به شرکت­های مشاورۀ ایرانی کمک کند تا با درکی بهتر نسبت به ورود به بازار این کشورها اقدام کنند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Competitive Advantage in Management Consulting Industry of Iran and Germany: The Role of Dynamic Capabilities

نویسنده [English]

  • Nader Seyed Kalali
Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies
چکیده [English]

Based on the capability-based theory of the firm, Sustainable competitive advantage is rooted in dynamic capabilities. In this study, some Iranian and German firms which have a stable performance over the past years are compared. The similarities and differences of these firms regarding their dynamic capabilities are discussed. The process through which these capabilities build new trajectories is also explained. Multiple case study method was used to conduct the research. Four Iranian and four German companies were studied. Seventeen managers were interviewed, and organizational documents such as the minutes of meetings, performance reports, strategic plans, and website data were analyzed. The results show that although the microfoundations of dynamic capabilities can have similarities with each other, the dynamic capabilities themselves, which are embedded in managerial decision-making and organizational routines, are unique. These capabilities are formed and developed based on environmental requirements and the company's history. Learning the complexities of competing in a foreign market can help Iranian management consulting firms to enter these markets with better understanding.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Competitive Advantage
  • Management Consultancy
  • Dynamic Capabilities
  • Strategic Management
  • Multiple Case Study

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 10 اسفند 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 21 اسفند 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 اردیبهشت 1399

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