بررسی تأثیر عوامل سازمانی، استراتژیک و محیطی بر عملکرد صادراتی؛ تحلیل نقش صادرات نوآورانه در میان شرکت‌های صادراتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه مدیریت، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و بازرگانی دانشگاه تبریز

2 استادیار گروه مدیریت، دانشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده

با توجه به نقش صادرات در اهداف اقتصادی و اجتماعی کشور و همچنین، رقابت در بازارهای بین‌المللی، لزوم توجه به کسب‌وکارهای فعال در صادرات بیش از پیش مهم است. این نوع کسب‌وکارها برای بقای خود در بازار، در مقابل رقبای بزرگ‌تر می‌توانند از طریق نوآوری بر اندازه غیراقتصادی خود غلبه کنند. بنابراین این پژوهش درصدد بررسی تأثیر عوامل مؤثر بر صادرات نوآورانه و تأثیر آن بر عملکرد صادراتی صورت پذیرفته است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق، شرکت‌های صادراتی صنعت مواد غذایی است. داده‌های تحقیق از طریق پرسشنامه در میان 200 شرکت فعال که در حوزه بین‌الملل این صنعت فعالیت دارند، از طریق کانال‌های ارتباطی مجازی گردآوری گردید و حدود 103 شرکت به عنوان نمونه براساس فرمول کوکران و با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده، به گویه‌های پرسشنامه پاسخ دادند. برای گردآوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامه الکترونیکی متشکل از 47 سوال استفاده شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار spss و روش حداقل مربعات جزئی و نرم‌افزار اسمارت پی.ال.اس. تجزیه‌و‌تحلیل شدند. بررسی نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که عوامل تمرکززدایی با ضریب 597/2، بازارگرایی صادرات با ضریب 228/3، تبادل اطلاعات با ضریب 310/4 و رقابت‌پذیری با ضریب 877/2 بر صادرات نوآورانه تأثیر مثبت و معنی‌داری دارند؛ و رسمی‌سازی با ضریب 313/0 و پویایی بازار با ضریب 896/0 بر صادرات نوآورانه تأثیر مثبت و معناداری ندارند. همچنین، نتایج نشان‌دهنده نقش میانجی صادرات نوآورانه با ضریب 025/13 در تأثیر تمرکززدایی، بازارگرایی صادرات، تبادل اطلاعات و رقابت‌پذیری بر عملکرد صادراتی می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Effect of Organizational, Strategic and Environmental Factors on Export Performance; Analysis the Role of Export Innovativeness Among Exporting Companies

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Faryabi 1
  • Samad Rahimiaghdam 2
  • Vahideh Ebrahimi Kharajo 3
  • Solmaz Kazemi 3
1 associate professor, department of management, faculty of Economics ana Management, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Management, faculty of Economic and Management, University of Tabriz, Tabriz,Iiran
3 MSc. Student of Business Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

According to the role of export in the social and economic goals of the country and, the competition that exist in international markets, the crucial need to highly considering the active business in exporting is obvious. This type of businesses can overcome their major competitors during non-economic level by the innovation for their survival in the market. So, this study aims to investigate the influential factors on export innovativeness and its effect on export performance. Statistical Population of this study is exporting companies in the food industry. The data of this study were collected from 200 active companies, through an electronic survey. About 103 companies responded to the questions of the survey as a sample based on Cochran formula and using simple random sampling. An electronic survey included 47 questions used to gather the data. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and SEM-PLS approach. The results show that Decentralization factors with 2.597, Export Market orientation with 3.228, Information exchange with 4.310 and competitiveness with 2.877 coefficients have positive and significant effect on export innovativeness; while Formalization with 0.313 and market dynamic with 0.896 coefficients have no positive and significant effect on export innovativeness. Also, the results indicate the mediating role of export innovativeness with 13.025 coefficient in the effect of Decentralization, Export Market orientation, Information exchange and competitiveness on export performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Innovation
  • Export Performance
  • Economic Development
  • Technology Growth

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 25 آبان 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 16 آذر 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 آذر 1399

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