مبانی حاکمیت شرکتی در شرکت ها با تمرکز بر مشارکت انتفاعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه حقوق خصوصی و اسلامی دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

2 گروه حقوق خصوصی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

ضرورت تجمیع تخصص‌ها و مهارت‌‌های مختلف و حتی همکاری میان تأمین‌کنندگان منابع مالی و همچنین نیاز کشورهای در حال توسعه به انتقال فناوری، سبب استفاده از نهاد مشارکت انتفاعی شرکتی به‌عنوان یکی از روش‌‌های سرمایه‌گذاری غیرمستقیم خارجی شده است. از این‌رو، برای بهره‌برداری از فرصت‌‌های جدید سرمایه‌گذاری باید قواعد حاکمیت شرکتی مؤثری برای تقویت سرمایه‌گذاری، کارآفرینی، شفافیت و رفع تعارض به‌کار گرفته شود. این نوع حاکمیت در نگاه نخست به‌عنوان یک امر بازرگانی نگریسته می‌شود. اما از آنجا که فرایندی نظارتی محسوب می‌شود و توجه اصلی آن به سازوکارهای تسهیل‌کنندۀ حیاتی شرکت و ایجاد موازنه میان اهداف گوناگون است و رعایت‌نکردن آن همراه با ضمانت اجرای حقوقی یا کیفری مواجه می‌شود، باید به‌عنوان یک موضوع حقوقی مورد توجه قرار می‌گیرد. با توجه به پژوهش‌‌های محدود از نظر حقوقی دربارۀ این موضوع، هدف از نگارش این مقاله بررسی جنبه‌‌های حقوقی و نظریه‌‌های حاکم بر آن با تأکید بر مشارکت انتفاعی شرکتی است که به‌دلیل داشتن ویژگی‌هایی از جمله محدودبودن فعالیت و مدت، بی‌ثباتی، خطر، عدم قطعیت و همچنین وجود رقابت میان شرکا، احتیاج به حاکمیت شرکتی متفات و قوی‌تری است. این مقاله از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر روش، کتابخانه‌ای است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Basic of Corporate Governance, with Focus on Joint Venture

نویسنده [English]

  • Laya Joneidi 1
1 Private Law Department,, Law and Political Science Faculty, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

The need to consolidate expertise, different skills and even cooperation between fund providers and on the other hand the need of developing countries to transfer technology has led to the use of Joint Ventures as one of the methods of foreign indirect investment. Therefore, in order to take advantage of new investment opportunities, effective corporate governance rules should be used to strengthen investment, entrepreneurship, transparency and conflict resolution. This type of governance is seen at first glance as a commercial affair. However, since it is a regulatory process that pays great attention to the vital facilitating mechanisms of the company and to creating balance between various goals, and its non-observance leads to legal or criminal enforcement guarantee, it should be considered as a legal matter.

Due to the limited research on this subject from the law perspective, the purpose of this study is to investigate the legal aspects and the governing theories with an emphasis on corporate Joint Venture, which due to its features such as limited activity and duration, lack of stability, risk and uncertainty, as well as competition between shareholders, require different and stronger corporate governance. This article in terms purpose is considered applied and in terms of research method is library-based.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "؛ Companies Law"؛ Corporate Governance"؛ Joint Venture"؛ Shareholders"؛
  • "؛ stakeholders"
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