طراحی الگوی بلوغ مدل کسب‌وکار استارتاپی در ایران (مطالعه چند موردی: استارتاپ‌های پلتفرمی / دیجیتالی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مدیریت تکنولوژی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران.

2 گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 گروه مدیریت فناوری و کارآفرینی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

4 گروه مدیریت تکنولوژی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

برخورداری از یک مدل کسب‌وکار کارآمد، به عنوان فرض اولیه وجود یک استارتاپ در نظر گرفته می‌شود. مطالعات پیشین، بلوغ کسب‌وکار و عوامل موثر بر آن را از مهم‌ترین حوزه‌های مربوط به کارآفرینی به‌شمار آورده‌اند و همچنین ضعف در مدل کسب‌وکار را از عوامل شکست استارتاپ‌ها برشمرده‌اند. لذا پژوهش حاضر از طریق شناسایی و بررسی عوامل موثر بر تغییرات مدل کسب‌وکار یک استارتاپ و تکمیل‌تر شدن آن متناسب با بلوغ سازمانی، استارتاپ‌ها را قادر می‌سازد محصولات یا خدماتی دارای ارزش ارائه دهند. در این پژوهش با بررسی 55 مدل کسب‌وکار تجربه‌شده در موفق‌ترین استارتاپ‌های دنیا و تشکیل پنل خبرگان، ارتباط معناداری بین عوامل بلوغ مدل کسب‌وکار استارتاپ‌ها با مراحل پنج‌گانه تشریح شده در مدل بلوغ باترا حاصل گردید. سپس با تحلیل عاملی تاییدی بر اساس داده‌های حاصل از فعالان استارتاپ‌های پلتفرمی / دیجیتال کشور، مدل مفهومی بدست‌آمده، بررسی شد و مشخص گردید که 33 عامل در مراحل مختلف توسعه کسب‌وکار از مرحله تحلیل فرصت‌ها تا مدیریت عرضه محصول به بازار باید مدنظر قرار گیرند تا مدل کسب‌وکار مناسبی در چهار بعد شناسایی مشتری (چه کسی)، تعیین ارزش قابل ارئه به مشتری (چه چیزی؟)، زنجیره موثر بر تحقق آن ارزش‌ها (چگونه؟) و سازوکار سود و کسب انتفاع (چرا؟) طراحی گردد تا زمینه‌ساز افزایش احتمال موفقیت پایدار کسب‌وکار و غلبه بر موانع ورود به بازار باشد. در نهایت نیز به منظور رسیدن به یک الگوی بلوغ مدل کسب‌وکار مبتنی بر سطوح و شاخص‌هایی که به آن‌ها اشاره شد، یک مدل و سناریوهای بلوغ بر اساس نقشه شناختی فازی ترسیم گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing the Maturity Model of Startup Business Model in Iran (Multi-Case Study: Platform / Digital Startups)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Moustapha Baghdadi 1
  • Mehdi Mohammadi 2
  • Mahdi Elyasi 3
  • Reza Radfar 4
1 Department of Technology Management, Faculty of Management & Economics, Science & Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Industrial Management Department, Management Faculty, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
3 Entrepreneurship & Technology Management Department, Accounting & Management Faculty, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
4 Management of Technology Department, Management & Economy Faculty, Science & Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Using an efficient business model is considered a basic assumption of the existence of a startup. Previous studies have considered business maturity and the affecting factors, as one of the most important areas of entrepreneurship and also, a flawed business model as one of the reasons for startup's failures. Thus, the present study enables startups to provide valuable products by identifying the change factors of a startup business model and its improvements according with organizational maturity. Reviewing 55 business models used in successful world-class startups and forming an experts' panel, this study found a significant relationship between the maturity factors of the startups' business model and the five steps of Batra maturity model. Then, by CFA based on data obtained from activists of platform/ digital startup in the country, the obtained conceptual model was examined and it was found that 33 factors in different stages of business development from opportunity analysis to product supply management to the market should be considered to have a suitable business model. The four dimensions of identifying the customer (who), determining the value to be presented to the customer (what?), the chain affecting the realization of values (how?) and the profit mechanism (why?) should be considered to increase the chances of sustainable business success and overcome barriers to market entry. Finally, in order to achieve a maturity model of the business model based on mentioned levels and indicators, a model and scenario was designed based on the fuzzy cognitive map

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sustainable Success
  • Maturity Model
  • Innovation
  • Business Development
  • Fuzzy Cognitive Map

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نشریه علمی پژوهشی مدیریت کسب و کارهای بین المللی
دوره 6، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 21
فروردین 1402
صفحه 227-260

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 تیر 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 17 تیر 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 18 تیر 1401

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